fix(android): release data-binding HybridObject native resources

android/src/main/java/com/margelo/nitro/rive/BaseHybridViewModelProperty.kt

@@ -6,6 +6,10 @@ import kotlinx.coroutines.CoroutineScope
 import kotlinx.coroutines.Job
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.Flow
 
+// memorySize hint: these wrappers look tiny to Hermes but each pins a JNI global ref, so
+// without it the GC lets them pile up until the global reference table (cap 51200) overflows.
+const val VIEW_MODEL_HYBRID_MEMORY_SIZE = 65_536L
+
 @Keep
 @DoNotStrip
 interface BaseHybridViewModelProperty<T> {

android/src/main/java/com/margelo/nitro/rive/HybridViewModel.kt

@@ -9,6 +9,9 @@ import com.margelo.nitro.core.Promise
 @Keep
 @DoNotStrip
 class HybridViewModel(private val viewModel: ViewModel) : HybridViewModelSpec() {
+  override val memorySize: Long
+    get() = VIEW_MODEL_HYBRID_MEMORY_SIZE
+
   override val propertyCount: Double
     get() = viewModel.propertyCount.toDouble()
   override val instanceCount: Double

android/src/main/java/com/margelo/nitro/rive/HybridViewModelArtboardProperty.kt

@@ -9,6 +9,9 @@ import com.facebook.proguard.annotations.DoNotStrip
 class HybridViewModelArtboardProperty(private val property: ViewModelArtboardProperty) :
   HybridViewModelArtboardPropertySpec() {
 
+  override val memorySize: Long
+    get() = VIEW_MODEL_HYBRID_MEMORY_SIZE
+
   override fun set(artboard: HybridBindableArtboardSpec?) {
     val bindable = (artboard as? HybridBindableArtboard)?.bindableArtboard
     property.set(bindable)

android/src/main/java/com/margelo/nitro/rive/HybridViewModelBooleanProperty.kt

@@ -10,6 +10,14 @@ import com.margelo.nitro.core.Promise
 class HybridViewModelBooleanProperty(private val viewModelBoolean: ViewModelBooleanProperty) :
   HybridViewModelBooleanPropertySpec(),
   BaseHybridViewModelProperty<Boolean> by BaseHybridViewModelPropertyImpl() {
+  override fun dispose() {
+    removeListeners()
+    super<HybridViewModelBooleanPropertySpec>.dispose()
+  }
+
+  override val memorySize: Long
+    get() = VIEW_MODEL_HYBRID_MEMORY_SIZE
+
   override var value: Boolean
     get() = viewModelBoolean.value
     set(value) {

android/src/main/java/com/margelo/nitro/rive/HybridViewModelColorProperty.kt

@@ -10,6 +10,14 @@ import com.margelo.nitro.core.Promise
 class HybridViewModelColorProperty(private val viewModelColor: ViewModelColorProperty) :
   HybridViewModelColorPropertySpec(),
   BaseHybridViewModelProperty<Int> by BaseHybridViewModelPropertyImpl() {
+  override fun dispose() {
+    removeListeners()
+    super<HybridViewModelColorPropertySpec>.dispose()
+  }
+
+  override val memorySize: Long
+    get() = VIEW_MODEL_HYBRID_MEMORY_SIZE
+
   override var value: Double
     get() = viewModelColor.value.toDouble()
     set(value) {

android/src/main/java/com/margelo/nitro/rive/HybridViewModelEnumProperty.kt

@@ -10,6 +10,14 @@ import com.margelo.nitro.core.Promise
 class HybridViewModelEnumProperty(private val viewModelEnum: ViewModelEnumProperty) :
   HybridViewModelEnumPropertySpec(),
   BaseHybridViewModelProperty<String> by BaseHybridViewModelPropertyImpl() {
+  override fun dispose() {
+    removeListeners()
+    super<HybridViewModelEnumPropertySpec>.dispose()
+  }
+
+  override val memorySize: Long
+    get() = VIEW_MODEL_HYBRID_MEMORY_SIZE
+
   override var value: String
     get() = viewModelEnum.value
     set(value) {

android/src/main/java/com/margelo/nitro/rive/HybridViewModelImageProperty.kt

@@ -10,6 +10,14 @@ import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.map
 class HybridViewModelImageProperty(private val viewModelImage: ViewModelImageProperty) :
   HybridViewModelImagePropertySpec(),
   BaseHybridViewModelProperty<Unit> by BaseHybridViewModelPropertyImpl() {
+  override fun dispose() {
+    removeListeners()
+    super<HybridViewModelImagePropertySpec>.dispose()
+  }
+
+  override val memorySize: Long
+    get() = VIEW_MODEL_HYBRID_MEMORY_SIZE
+
   override fun set(image: HybridRiveImageSpec?) {
     viewModelImage.set((image as? HybridRiveImage)?.renderImage)
   }

android/src/main/java/com/margelo/nitro/rive/HybridViewModelInstance.kt

@@ -9,6 +9,9 @@ import com.margelo.nitro.core.Promise
 @Keep
 @DoNotStrip
 class HybridViewModelInstance(val viewModelInstance: ViewModelInstance) : HybridViewModelInstanceSpec() {
+  override val memorySize: Long
+    get() = VIEW_MODEL_HYBRID_MEMORY_SIZE
+
   override val instanceName: String
     get() = viewModelInstance.name
 

android/src/main/java/com/margelo/nitro/rive/HybridViewModelListProperty.kt

@@ -11,6 +11,14 @@ import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.map
 class HybridViewModelListProperty(private val listProperty: ViewModelListProperty) :
   HybridViewModelListPropertySpec(),
   BaseHybridViewModelProperty<Unit> by BaseHybridViewModelPropertyImpl() {
+  override fun dispose() {
+    removeListeners()
+    super<HybridViewModelListPropertySpec>.dispose()
+  }
+
+  override val memorySize: Long
+    get() = VIEW_MODEL_HYBRID_MEMORY_SIZE
+
   override val length: Double
     get() = listProperty.size.toDouble()
 

android/src/main/java/com/margelo/nitro/rive/HybridViewModelNumberProperty.kt

@@ -11,6 +11,14 @@ import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.map
 class HybridViewModelNumberProperty(private val viewModelNumber: ViewModelNumberProperty) :
   HybridViewModelNumberPropertySpec(),
   BaseHybridViewModelProperty<Double> by BaseHybridViewModelPropertyImpl() {
+  override fun dispose() {
+    removeListeners()
+    super<HybridViewModelNumberPropertySpec>.dispose()
+  }
+
+  override val memorySize: Long
+    get() = VIEW_MODEL_HYBRID_MEMORY_SIZE
+
   override var value: Double
     get() = viewModelNumber.value.toDouble()
     set(value) {

android/src/main/java/com/margelo/nitro/rive/HybridViewModelStringProperty.kt

@@ -10,6 +10,14 @@ import com.margelo.nitro.core.Promise
 class HybridViewModelStringProperty(private val viewModelString: ViewModelStringProperty) :
   HybridViewModelStringPropertySpec(),
   BaseHybridViewModelProperty<String> by BaseHybridViewModelPropertyImpl() {
+  override fun dispose() {
+    removeListeners()
+    super<HybridViewModelStringPropertySpec>.dispose()
+  }
+
+  override val memorySize: Long
+    get() = VIEW_MODEL_HYBRID_MEMORY_SIZE
+
   override var value: String
     get() = viewModelString.value
     set(value) {

android/src/main/java/com/margelo/nitro/rive/HybridViewModelTriggerProperty.kt

@@ -9,6 +9,14 @@ import com.facebook.proguard.annotations.DoNotStrip
 class HybridViewModelTriggerProperty(private val viewModelTrigger: ViewModelTriggerProperty) :
   HybridViewModelTriggerPropertySpec(),
   BaseHybridViewModelProperty<ViewModelTriggerProperty.TriggerUnit> by BaseHybridViewModelPropertyImpl() {
+  override fun dispose() {
+    removeListeners()
+    super<HybridViewModelTriggerPropertySpec>.dispose()
+  }
+
+  override val memorySize: Long
+    get() = VIEW_MODEL_HYBRID_MEMORY_SIZE
+
   override fun trigger() {
     viewModelTrigger.trigger()
   }

example/src/reproducers/AndroidGlobalRefOverflow.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-deprecated -- the repro needs the sync API */
+import {
+  View,
+  Text,
+  StyleSheet,
+  ActivityIndicator,
+  Button,
+} from 'react-native';
+import { useCallback, useEffect, useRef, useState } from 'react';
+import {
+  Fit,
+  RiveView,
+  useRiveFile,
+  useViewModelInstance,
+  type ViewModelInstance,
+  type RiveFile,
+} from '@rive-app/react-native';
+import { type Metadata } from '../shared/metadata';
+
+/**
+ * Manual reproducer for the Android JNI global-reference overflow.
+ *
+ * Every view-model property/instance accessor returns a fresh HybridObject that pins one
+ * JNI global reference. On Android the global reference table is capped at 51200; without
+ * the `memorySize` hint Hermes can't see how heavy these tiny JS objects are, so it never
+ * collects them under churn and the process aborts with
+ * `JNI ERROR (app bug): global reference table overflow`.
+ *
+ * Toggle the stress: on an unfixed build the app dies within seconds; on a fixed build the
+ * op counter climbs indefinitely. (No-op on iOS — there is no JNI global reference table.)
+ */
+const CONCURRENCY = 64;
+
+function StressRunner({
+  instance,
+  file,
+}: {
+  instance: ViewModelInstance;
+  file: RiveFile;
+}) {
+  const [running, setRunning] = useState(false);
+  const [ops, setOps] = useState(0);
+  const [errors, setErrors] = useState(0);
+
+  const runningRef = useRef(false);
+  const opsRef = useRef(0);
+  const errRef = useRef(0);
+
+  const tick = useCallback(async () => {
+    const asyncWork: Promise<unknown>[] = [];
+    for (let i = 0; i < CONCURRENCY; i++) {
+      const path = i % 2 === 0 ? 'vm1' : 'vm2';
+      asyncWork.push(
+        instance
+          .viewModelAsync(path)
+          .then((nested) => nested?.stringProperty('name')?.getValueAsync())
+          .catch(() => {
+            errRef.current += 1;
+          })
+      );
+    }
+
+    for (let i = 0; i < CONCURRENCY; i++) {
+      try {
+        const namePath = i % 2 === 0 ? 'vm1/name' : 'vm2/name';
+        const prop = instance.stringProperty(namePath);
+        prop?.set(`${prop?.value ?? ''}`.slice(0, 0) + 'x');
+        instance.viewModel(i % 2 === 0 ? 'vm1' : 'vm2');
+      } catch {
+        errRef.current += 1;
+      }
+    }
+
+    await Promise.all(asyncWork);
+    opsRef.current += CONCURRENCY * 2;
+  }, [instance]);
+
+  const loop = useCallback(async () => {
+    while (runningRef.current) {
+      await tick();
+      setOps(opsRef.current);
+      setErrors(errRef.current);
+      await new Promise((r) => setTimeout(r, 0));
+    }
+  }, [tick]);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    return () => {
+      runningRef.current = false;
+    };
+  }, []);
+
+  const onToggle = () => {
+    if (runningRef.current) {
+      runningRef.current = false;
+      setRunning(false);
+    } else {
+      runningRef.current = true;
+      setRunning(true);
+      loop();
+    }
+  };
+
+  return (
+    <View style={styles.content}>
+      <RiveView
+        style={styles.rive}
+        autoPlay={true}
+        dataBind={instance}
+        fit={Fit.Contain}
+        file={file}
+      />
+      <View style={styles.panel}>
+        <Text style={styles.title}>Android JNI global-ref overflow</Text>
+        <Text style={styles.stat}>property accessors: {ops}</Text>
+        <Text style={styles.stat}>errors: {errors}</Text>
+        <Button
+          title={running ? 'Stop stress' : 'Start stress'}
+          onPress={onToggle}
+        />
+      </View>
+    </View>
+  );
+}
+
+function WithViewModelSetup({ file }: { file: RiveFile }) {
+  const { instance, error } = useViewModelInstance(file);
+
+  if (error) {
+    return <Text style={styles.errorText}>{error.message}</Text>;
+  }
+  if (!instance) {
+    return <ActivityIndicator size="large" color="#0000ff" />;
+  }
+  return <StressRunner instance={instance} file={file} />;
+}
+
+export default function AndroidGlobalRefOverflow() {
+  const { riveFile, isLoading, error } = useRiveFile(
+    require('../../assets/rive/viewmodelproperty.riv')
+  );
+
+  return (
+    <View style={styles.container}>
+      {isLoading ? (
+        <ActivityIndicator size="large" color="#0000ff" />
+      ) : riveFile ? (
+        <WithViewModelSetup file={riveFile} />
+      ) : (
+        <Text style={styles.errorText}>
+          {error?.message || 'Unexpected error'}
+        </Text>
+      )}
+    </View>
+  );
+}
+
+AndroidGlobalRefOverflow.metadata = {
+  name: 'Android JNI Global-Ref Overflow',
+  description:
+    'Churns view-model property/instance accessors to exhaust the Android JNI global ' +
+    'reference table (cap 51200). Crashes within seconds without the memorySize fix; ' +
+    'runs indefinitely with it.',
+} satisfies Metadata;
+
+const styles = StyleSheet.create({
+  container: { flex: 1, backgroundColor: '#fff' },
+  content: { flex: 1 },
+  rive: { flex: 1, width: '100%' },
+  panel: { padding: 16, backgroundColor: '#fff', gap: 8 },
+  title: { fontSize: 16, fontWeight: 'bold' },
+  stat: { fontSize: 14, fontFamily: 'monospace', color: '#333' },
+  errorText: { color: 'red', textAlign: 'center', padding: 20 },
+});