fix(claude): last-good CLI parse + probe session reuse (0.45 port)

[Finesssee]

Summary

Port stack PR B (upstream 0.45 Claude resilience).

Last-good CLI usage (upstream steipete#2247)

Extend existing Claude last-good cache preservation so CLI parse failures, rate limits, and timeouts keep the previous good tray snapshot instead of flashing empty/error. Hard auth loss (credentials missing / not installed) still clears stale data. Transient unauthorized still only preserves once.

Probe session reuse (upstream steipete#2263)

Claude /usage PTY probes now:

• Persist .codexbar-session-id under the probe working directory
• Pass --session-id + --allowed-tools "" so refreshes do not create a new empty Claude account session every time
• Clear leftover *.jsonl in the probe dir before launch (create-only session-id behavior)

Read-only inspect of steipete/CodexBar; no upstream edits.

Test plan

• cargo test --manifest-path rust/Cargo.toml --lib probe_session
• cargo test --manifest-path apps/desktop-tauri/src-tauri/Cargo.toml claude_
• Parse-failure keeps last-good every time; hard credentials missing does not

No packaging / version bump.

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