feat: add stage-specific exploration and training controls

[njzjz-bot]

Fixes #216

Summary:

• allow each exploration stage to override convergence, maximum iterations, fatal-at-limit behavior, and the FP task cap
• preserve legacy list-based stage configurations and global defaults
• create independent reports and selectors for LAMMPS, CALYPSO, and DiffCSP stages
• add separate optional loss endpoints for initial finetuning and subsequent init-model training
• document the stage dictionary format and training controls

Tests:

• pytest -q tests/entrypoint/test_submit_args.py tests/entrypoint/test_submit.py tests/op/test_run_dp_train.py
• 38 passed
• The full suite currently stops during collection in tests/fp/data.vasp.kp.gf/make_kp_test.py because the installed ASE module does not expose ase.geometry; this is the pre-existing collection issue tracked by [Code scan] Exclude VASP k-point data generator from pytest collection #361

Coding agent: Codex
Codex version: codex-cli 0.149.0
Model: gpt-5.6-sol
Reasoning effort: xhigh

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📥 Commits

Reviewing files that changed from the base of the PR and between 6b01f29 and 0cf0c60.

📒 Files selected for processing (6)

• docs/input.md
• dpgen2/entrypoint/args.py
• dpgen2/entrypoint/submit.py
• dpgen2/op/run_dp_train.py
• tests/entrypoint/test_submit.py
• tests/op/test_run_dp_train.py

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[codecov]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 76.27119% with 14 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 84.54%. Comparing base (6b01f29) to head (0cf0c60).

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
dpgen2/entrypoint/submit.py	65.85%	14 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master     #403      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   84.43%   84.54%   +0.10%     
==========================================
  Files         104      104              
  Lines        6110     6140      +30     
==========================================
+ Hits         5159     5191      +32     
+ Misses        951      949       -2     

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