feat(makie): implement bar-stacked-percent

plots/bar-stacked-percent/implementations/julia/makie.jl

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+# anyplot.ai
+# bar-stacked-percent: 100% Stacked Bar Chart
+# Library: makie 0.21.9 | Julia 1.11.9
+# Quality: 92/100 | Created: 2026-08-18
+
+using CairoMakie
+using Colors
+
+# --- Theme tokens -------------------------------------------------------
+const THEME    = get(ENV, "ANYPLOT_THEME", "light")
+const PAGE_BG  = THEME == "light" ? colorant"#FAF8F1" : colorant"#1A1A17"
+const INK      = THEME == "light" ? colorant"#1A1A17" : colorant"#F0EFE8"
+const INK_SOFT = THEME == "light" ? colorant"#4A4A44" : colorant"#B8B7B0"
+
+const IMPRINT_PALETTE = [
+    colorant"#009E73", colorant"#C475FD", colorant"#4467A3", colorant"#BD8233",
+    colorant"#AE3030", colorant"#2ABCCD", colorant"#954477", colorant"#99B314",
+]
+
+# Fixed (non-theme-adaptive) dark ink for segment labels drawn on the lighter
+# Imprint hues — the underlying fill color never changes between themes, so
+# the label color that contrasts against it shouldn't either.
+const LABEL_DARK  = colorant"#1A1A17"
+const LABEL_LIGHT = colorant"#FFFFFF"
+
+# --- Data -----------------------------------------------------------------
+# Global electricity generation mix (TWh, illustrative) — rows are years,
+# columns are sources. Coal share erodes as renewables scale up.
+years   = ["2010", "2013", "2016", "2019", "2022", "2025"]
+sources = ["Coal", "Natural Gas", "Nuclear", "Renewables"]
+
+# Semantic-exception color mapping (style guide "Semantic exception"):
+# renewables carries a strong reader expectation of green, so brand green is
+# reassigned from the ordinal-first series to Renewables, and the remaining
+# canonical hues (positions 2-4) reflow by their own semantic fit — ochre
+# (earth/commodity) for Coal, blue (gas-flame association) for Natural Gas,
+# lavender left for Nuclear.
+source_colors = IMPRINT_PALETTE[[4, 3, 2, 1]]
+label_colors  = [LABEL_DARK, LABEL_LIGHT, LABEL_DARK, LABEL_LIGHT]
+
+generation = [
+    42.0 23.0 13.0  8.0
+    41.0 24.0 11.0 14.0
+    38.0 25.0 10.0 20.0
+    33.0 24.0 10.0 27.0
+    27.0 23.0  9.0 35.0
+    21.0 21.0  9.0 45.0
+]
+
+n_year   = length(years)
+n_source = length(sources)
+
+# Normalize each year's row so segments sum to exactly 100%.
+row_totals = sum(generation, dims = 2)
+shares     = 100 .* generation ./ row_totals
+
+x      = repeat(1:n_year, inner = n_source)
+stack  = repeat(1:n_source, outer = n_year)
+height = vec(permutedims(shares))
+colors = source_colors[repeat(1:n_source, outer = n_year)]
+
+# --- Plot -------------------------------------------------------------------
+fig = Figure(
+    size            = (1600, 900),
+    fontsize        = 14,
+    backgroundcolor = PAGE_BG,
+)
+
+ax = Axis(
+    fig[1, 1];
+    title             = "bar-stacked-percent · julia · makie · anyplot.ai",
+    titlesize         = 20,
+    titlecolor        = INK,
+    xlabel            = "Year",
+    ylabel            = "Share of Electricity Generation (%)",
+    xlabelsize        = 14,
+    ylabelsize        = 14,
+    xlabelcolor       = INK,
+    ylabelcolor       = INK,
+    xticklabelsize    = 13,
+    yticklabelsize    = 12,
+    xticklabelcolor   = INK_SOFT,
+    yticklabelcolor   = INK_SOFT,
+    xtickcolor        = INK_SOFT,
+    ytickcolor        = INK_SOFT,
+    backgroundcolor   = PAGE_BG,
+    topspinevisible   = false,
+    rightspinevisible = false,
+    leftspinecolor    = INK_SOFT,
+    bottomspinecolor  = INK_SOFT,
+    xgridvisible      = false,
+    ygridvisible      = true,
+    ygridcolor        = RGBAf(INK.r, INK.g, INK.b, 0.12),
+    yminorgridvisible = false,
+)
+
+barplot!(
+    ax, x, height;
+    stack       = stack,
+    color       = colors,
+    width       = 0.65,
+    gap         = 0.25,
+    strokewidth = 0,
+)
+
+ax.xticks = (1:n_year, years)
+ax.yticks = (0:20:100, ["$(t)%" for t in 0:20:100])
+
+# --- Segment labels: percentage text where the segment has room -----------
+for j in 1:n_year, i in 1:n_source
+    pct = shares[j, i]
+    pct < 6.0 && continue
+    y_top    = sum(shares[j, 1:i])
+    y_center = y_top - pct / 2
+    text!(
+        ax, Point2f(j, y_center);
+        text     = "$(round(Int, pct))%",
+        align    = (:center, :center),
+        fontsize = 12,
+        color    = label_colors[i],
+    )
+end
+
+# --- Callout: mark where renewables overtake coal --------------------------
+crossover_x = 5  # 2022 — first year Renewables' share exceeds Coal's
+lines!(ax, [crossover_x, crossover_x], [100.0, 104.0]; color = INK_SOFT, linewidth = 1.5)
+text!(
+    ax, Point2f(crossover_x, 106);
+    text     = "Renewables overtake Coal",
+    align    = (:center, :bottom),
+    fontsize = 13,
+    color    = INK,
+)
+
+Legend(
+    fig[1, 2], [PolyElement(color = c) for c in source_colors], sources;
+    labelcolor  = INK,
+    labelsize   = 13,
+    framevisible = false,
+    backgroundcolor = PAGE_BG,
+)
+
+# Fix the y-range last so no later plot/legend call can reset it via autolimits.
+ylims!(ax, 0, 124)
+
+# --- Save -------------------------------------------------------------------
+save("plot-$(THEME).png", fig; px_per_unit = 2)